The Battery is Dead: A Perpetual Power System

The Battery is Dead: How a Hybrid Harvester Could Power Your Peripherals Forever

A technical analysis of how our harvesting model creates a perpetually-powered device.

The Problem: From Speakers to Mice

In our previous analysis, we designed a hypothetical wireless speaker system. We combined a high-capacity 18650 battery with an ambitious harvesting system that drew ambient energy from collimated Li-Fi and Wi-Fi beams. The result was positive, but limited: the 15 mW generated by our harvesters only provided a **42.8% extension** to the speaker's battery life. It delayed the inevitable, but it didn't solve the core problem of charging.

But what if we applied this same harvesting system to a different class of device? A speaker is a power-guzzler, needing **50 mW** or more. A modern wireless mouse, however, is an ultra-efficient "sipper." This is where our findings become revolutionary.

System Schematic: The Perpetual Peripheral

The system's design remains the same, but the "Load" component is now a low-power peripheral, which fundamentally changes the power equation.

     +-------------------------------------------------+
     |       WIRELESS POWER SOURCES (HYPOTHETICAL)     |
     +-------------------------------------------------+
              |                               |
              v                               v
 +-------------------------+   +-------------------------+
 | Li-Fi (Collimated Light)|   | Wi-Fi (Collimated RF)   |
 |   [Harvested: 10 mW]    |   |   [Harvested: 5 mW]     |
 +-------------------------+   +-------------------------+
              |                               |
              |  (Total Harvested: 15 mW)     |
              v-------------------------------v
                          |
     +-------------------------------------------------+
     |      POWER MANAGEMENT & CHARGING CIRCUIT        |
     | (Collects 15 mW, manages charging/discharging)  |
     +-------------------------------------------------+
                          |
                          | (Continuous Trickle-Charge)
                          v
     +-------------------------------------------------+
     |      ENERGY STORAGE (18650 Li-ion BATTERY)      |
     |    Capacity: 11.1 Wh (Used as a Buffer)         |
     +-------------------------------------------------+
                          |
                          | (On-Demand Power Draw)
                          v
     +-------------------------------------------------+
     |  MOUSE/KEYBOARD (Ultra-Low-Power Load)          |
     |  Avg. Power Draw: ~0.285 mW                     |
     +-------------------------------------------------+
                

The Technical Deep Dive: A 5,000% Power Surplus

The feasibility of a perpetual device hinges on one question: does the system generate more power than it consumes? For a mouse, the answer is a resounding yes.

1. Industry Standard Power Draw (The Load)

First, we must establish the average power draw of a top-tier wireless mouse. We can reverse-engineer this from a market leader known for its battery life (e.g., a Logitech mouse advertised with 2-3 years of life on AA batteries).

Battery Capacity / Advertised Runtime = Average Power Draw

7.5 Wh (2x AA Batteries) / 26,280 Hours (3 Years) = 0.000285 W

This means an industry-leading mouse consumes an average of just **0.285 milliwatts (mW)**. It "sips" power, spending 99% of its life in a deep-sleep state.

2. Our Model's Power Generation (The Source)

Our hypothetical (and optimistic) harvesting system, using collimated beams, generates a continuous supply of power.

Harvested Li-Fi (10 mW) + Harvested Wi-Fi (5 mW)

Total Generated Power = 15 mW (or 0.015 W)

3. The Finding: A Massive Power Surplus

This is the core of our discovery. We can now compare the power generated versus the power consumed.

Power Generated (mW) - Power Consumed (mW) = Net Power Flow

15.000 mW (Generated) - 0.285 mW (Consumed) = +14.715 mW (Surplus)

Our system generates **over 52 times more power** than the mouse needs to operate. The battery is no longer slowly draining; it is constantly being over-charged.

Conclusion: An Indefinite Operational Service Time

This finding fundamentally redefines the operational life of peripherals. The industry standard is 1-3 years, after which the user must replace the batteries. Our system, by creating a **14.7 mW power surplus**, creates a perpetually-powered device.

The 18650 battery is no longer a "consumable" with a finite runtime; it becomes a **"power buffer."** It simply absorbs the 14.7 mW surplus, storing it to handle brief, high-power "peak" activities (like a rapid mouse movement) before being immediately topped off by the harvesters.

The operational service time of the mouse is no longer limited by its battery. It is limited only by its physical components—the mouse wheel or switches failing after millions of clicks. In essence, the operational service time becomes **indefinite**.

Final Comparison: Speaker vs. Mouse

Metric	Graphene Speaker (50 mW)	Wireless Mouse (0.285 mW)
Power Generated	+15 mW	+15 mW
Net Power Flow	-35 mW (Net Drain)	+14.7 mW (Net Surplus)
Battery Function	Consumable (Tank)	Buffer (Buffer)
Runtime Extension	+42.8%	Infinite
Operational Service Time	13.2 Days	Indefinite (Perpetual)